Apple QuickTime Streaming Server (Administrator’s Guide) Manuel d'utilisateur

Administrator’s Guide QuickTimeStreaming ServerDarwin Streaming Server LL0329.book Page 1 Wednesday, November 20, 2002 2:09 PM

10 Preface Multicast Versus Unicast QTSS and DSS support both multicast and unicast network transport to deliver streaming media.In a multicast, a s

QuickTime Streaming 11 Relaying Streamed Media QuickTime Streaming Server or Darwin Streaming Server can be configured as a relay. A relay listens to

12 Preface The QuickTime Suite The QuickTime suite is made up of the following components: QuickTime Player: The free QuickTime Player is an easy-

QuickTime Streaming 13 m Improved stream quality: Enhancements to Apple skip-protection technology (patent pending)—a collection of quality-of-serv

14 Preface m The QuickTime Streaming course takes an in-depth look at QuickTime Streaming Server and Darwin Streaming Server by teaching system admi

15 CHAPTER 1 1 Getting Started Welcome to QuickTime Streaming Server (QTSS) and Darwin Streaming Server (DSS).Mac OS X Server includes QTSS in its su

16 Chapter 1 If you’re upgrading DSS on a non-Mac OS X platform: The new installation overwrites the configuration files. If you want to preserve y

Getting Started 17 Server Requirements QuickTime Streaming Server You can use the QTSS software on an Xserve, a Macintosh Server G4, a Power Mac G4,

18 Chapter 1m 128 MB of RAM (256 MB recommended for professional broadcasting).m QuickTime 6 or later.Setting Up Your Streaming ServerFollow these st

Getting Started 198 Click Finish.The Streaming Server Admin main screen appears. “Server is Running” should appear at the top of the screen.9 If inste

K Apple Computer, Inc. © 2002 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.The owner or authorized user of a valid copy of QuickTime Streaming Server an

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21CHAPTER22 Managing Your Streaming ServerThis chapter provides information you need to complete your setup and manage your streaming server. Topics c

22 Chapter 22 Enter the URL for your Streaming Server Admin computer. For example:http://hostname:1220where hostname is the hostname or IP address of

Managing Your Streaming Server 23To select the sort order, click the arrow next to the selected column label.Changing Server SettingsYou can click the

24 Chapter 24 Choose and enable the audio and/or video presets you want and specify an SDP file name and the buffer delay in seconds (zero for instant

Managing Your Streaming Server 25For Windows, install the certificate in c:\Program Files\Darwin Streaming Server\streamingadminserver.pem.For other su

26 Chapter 2“Error Log” shows error and informational messages. Use this log to troubleshoot problems with the server.“Access Log” shows the number o

Managing Your Streaming Server 27Other supported platforms: /var/streaming/Playlists/playlistname/MediaThis section provides information you need to

28 Chapter 2Be sure to copy the files into the directory you specified for streaming.Preparing AudioMP3 audio files can be played back in an MP3 playlis

Managing Your Streaming Server 29To apply hinting and export a file as a movie:1 Import the file into QuickTime Player by choosing Import from the File

3 Contents Preface QuickTime Streaming 7 What Is Streaming? 7About Streaming Servers 7Live Versus On-Demand Delivery 8Simple Setup fo

30 Chapter 2Each track in a media file must have its own hint track. For example, a movie with one audio and one video track must have two hint tracks

Managing Your Streaming Server 31In most cases you should not modify the SDP file manually. However, if you change anything about the media you’re stre

32 Chapter 23 Enter the URL for the media file (for example: rtsp://myserver.com/mymedia).4 Replace myserver.com with the DNS name of your streaming

Managing Your Streaming Server 33A reference movie can simply be a text file with a “.mov” filename extension (such as “ref.mov”). The format for the co

34 Chapter 2PlaylistsPlaylists are sets of media files in the QTSS or DSS media folder specified to play one after the other or in random sequence. Thi

Managing Your Streaming Server 35“Weighted Random” broadcasts the media in random order using the specified weights to determine how often an item play

36 Chapter 212 Click “Log this playlist’s activity” if you want a log of the playlist’s activity.13 Click “Send this playlist to a broadcast server”

Managing Your Streaming Server 373 If the playlist is running, click the Stop button.4 Click Delete Playlist.RelaysThis section provides detailed info

38 Chapter 2“Relay via TCP” sets broadcasts to announce the stream to the destination computer via TCP. The destination computer must support the aut

Managing Your Streaming Server 39Turning a Relay On or Off You can turn a relay on or off in the Relay Settings pane of Streaming Server Admin.To turn

4 Contents Viewing Streaming Status 22Starting or Stopping Streaming Service 22Working With Connected Users 22Changing Server Settings

40 Chapter 2Controlling Access to Streamed MediaYou can set up authentication to control client access to streamed media files. Two schemes of authent

Managing Your Streaming Server 41Terms not in angle brackets are keywords. Anything in angle brackets is information you supply.Save the access file as

42 Chapter 2What Clients Need to Access Protected MediaUsers must have QuickTime 5 or later to access a media file for which digest authentication is

Managing Your Streaming Server 43Alternatively, use sudo to execute the command as root. See “Executing a Command With sudo” on page 44.2 Enter a new

44 Chapter 2<Limit WRITE>require any-user</Limit>require any-user3 If you want to limit broadcaster access to the server, enter the follo

Managing Your Streaming Server 45To execute a command as root:m Open a terminal window and type sudo followed by a space and then the command you want

46 Chapter 2Streaming Server Admin Is Not Responding m Verify that the streamingadminserver.pl script is running. If not, log in as root (or administ

Managing Your Streaming Server 47m Check the playlist. If you created a looping playlist containing hinted MPEG-1 QuickTime files, QuickTime clients wi

48 Chapter 2Error code 415: The movie file is not hinted or has a compressed movie resource. You need to hint the movie again using the Pro version o

Managing Your Streaming Server 49m If the media plays once and then stops, make sure the play mode is set to either Sequential Looped or Weighted Rand

Contents 5 Security 39Resetting the Streaming Server Admin User Name and Password 39Controlling Access to Streamed Media 40Creating an Ac

50 Chapter 23 Insert the following lines in the streamingadminserver.conf file:ssl=0bind=<IP address to bind to>4 Save the file as a plain text fi

Managing Your Streaming Server 51How do I kill and restart the QuickTime Streaming Server processes in Mac OS X Server?To kill the QuickTime Streaming

52 Chapter 23 Finally, restart Streaming Server Admin by entering the following:streamingadminserver.plHow do I get QTSS to re-read its preferences w

Managing Your Streaming Server 53To configure QTSS to host streams from multiple media directories:1 For each individual user, make a local movie libr

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55CHAPTER33 Setup ExampleThis chapter describes the key components needed for a generic webcasting setup and how they are connected together. The setu

56 Chapter 3Such a setup would make it possible for students unable to attend a class in person to view it online. It would also enable students who

Setup Example 57m Client computers of various types with QuickTime Player or other MPEG-4 compliant software installed can access the Xserve streaming

58 Chapter 3m Windows can cause lighting problems. For more control, you should be able to draw the blinds and supplement room lights with a portable

Setup Example 59Step 3: Set Up Your Streaming ServerAn administrator computer must be set up before you can configure and manage your streaming server

6 Contents Setting It Up 57Creating a Web Page for Easy Access 65Shooting the Live Presentation 66Archiving the Live Presentation 66

60 Chapter 3Example for a one-hour 300-Kbps stream:300,000 / 8 bits * 3600 = 135,000,000 bytes = 135 MB file sizeMany local networks these days inclu

Setup Example 61Specific ports need to be opened in the firewall to allow Real-Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) requests from users, encoded video and aud

62 Chapter 3Will it be necessary to set up a broadcaster user account on the streaming server?In this example setup, it will be necessary to create a

Setup Example 63Lower-end DV cameras use a single charge-coupled device (CCD) to capture the complete image, whereas higher-quality cameras use three

64 Chapter 3Get a Simple Lighting KitEven a high-quality video camera will produce poor results without proper lighting. It’s unlikely that the norma

Setup Example 653 Click Broadcast and, if necessary, start QTSS using Streaming Server Admin from the laptop’s browser by typing in the browser window

66 Chapter 3From within an embedded “reference movie,” you can direct client players to on-demand presentations encoded for different connection spee

Setup Example 677 Click Import when you see the point in the presentation where you want to start importing.8 Click Import again when you want to stop

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69GlossaryThis glossary defines terms and spells out abbreviations you may encounter while working with online help or the QTSS and DSS Administrator’s

7 PREFACE QuickTime Streaming The focus of this guide is QuickTime Streaming Server (QTSS) and Darwin Streaming Server (DSS). But before getting into

70 Glossarybroadcast user A user who has permission to broadcast to the streaming server. The broadcast user name and password are set in the General

Glossary 71Hhinting Hinting creates a track for each streamable media track in the file that tells QuickTime Streaming Server how and when to deliver

72 Glossarylayer A mechanism for prioritizing the tracks in a movie or the overlapping of sprites. When it plays a movie, QuickTime displays the movi

Glossary 73N, ONAT (Network Address Translation) A technique sometimes used so that multiple computers can share a single IP address.open source A t

74 GlossaryQuickTime Player An application, included with the QuickTime system software, that plays QuickTime movies.QuickTime Pro A version of Quic

Glossary 75static IP address An IP address that is assigned to a computer or device once and is never changed.streaming Delivery of video or audio d

76 GlossaryXLR plug A three-pin audio connector that can be used with three-wire balanced cables, which cause electro-magnetic interference to be can

77IndexAaccess control 40–43access errors 26access files 40–41access history log 26“Access Log” setting 26address translation 45administering str

78 Indexstopping 24unable to connect to 47viewing 24browsers. See web browsersCcable modems 33camerasDV. See DV cameratripod 62, 63video 11CCDs

Index 79QuickTime Broadcaster and 64streaming presentations 56EeMac 17EMBED tag 32Error.log file 26error code 401 42error code 404 47error code

8 Preface For small audiences, the same computer can run web server software, mail server software, and streaming server software. For larger audien

80 IndexIP Firewall service 60IP packets 60IP subnets 16iTunes 16Kkilling QTSS processes 51killing Streaming Server Admin processes 51–52Knowled

Index 81symbolic links within 52–53“Media Directory” setting 24media filesaccessing 26authorized users of 41hint tracks 30location of 24media typ

82 IndexMPEG-4 16QuickTime. See QuickTime PlayerPlaylistBroadcaster process 48playlistname.err file 26–27playlists 34–37access to 40broadcasting p

Index 83QuickTime streaming 7–14See also streamingQuickTime Streaming course 14QuickTime Streaming Server (QTSS)See also streaming serversadminister

84 Indexfirewalls 43, 45Net::SSLeay 43networks with address translation 45OpenSSL library 43passwords. See passwordsproxies 43resetting Admin user

Index 85viewing server activity 22working with 21–22streaming serversSee also Darwin Streaming Server; QuickTime Streaming Server; serversadminister

86 Indexcapture 17streaming 8–9video cameras 11video files 59W“Wait for announced stream(s)” setting 37.wav format 28–29web browsersadministering

QuickTime Streaming 9 A PowerBook G4 with QuickTime Broadcaster software captures and encodes video and audio. The encoded signal is sent over an Int